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Shifting strategies: Twenty One Capital’s new leader cautions against relying solely on Bitcoin treasuries

Raphael Zagury emphasizes the need for cash-generating ventures in Bitcoin investments amidst changing market dynamics.

25 August 2026 · 5 min read

Shifting strategies: Twenty One Capital’s new leader cautions against relying solely on Bitcoin treasuries

As the dilution-concern/">security/">cryptocurrency landscape evolves, the traditional model of maintaining Bitcoin treasuries appears to be facing significant challenges. Raphael Zagury, the newly appointed CEO of Twenty One Capital, recently articulated this shift, stating that the once-popular treasury-after-selling-assets/">Bitcoin treasury playbook is beginning to show signs of wear. His insights urge a reevaluation of how companies can effectively harness Bitcoin’s value in today’s market.

The decline of the Bitcoin treasury playbook

The recent downturn in the Bitcoin market has seen treasuries plunge, with estimates suggesting a staggering $10 billion in losses among major firms. This aligns with Zagury’s cautionary sentiment that the model relying on accumulating Bitcoin for value appreciation cannot sustain itself indefinitely. He stated straightforwardly, “There’s no free money forever.”

A prominent example illustrating these challenges is Bitplanet's current partnership with Antalpha. Their mining deal is essentially a test of whether Bitcoin treasuries can evolve in an environment that requires continuous investment without relying solely on the inflow of fresh capital.

According to the CEO, as more firms attempt to replicate the treasury model by issuing shares above the net asset value of their Bitcoin holdings, market-value premiums will likely converge closer to 1x. This means that the once-vaunted strategy of enjoying a premium over the Bitcoin holdings may no longer be viable for these companies moving forward.

Embracing cash-generating businesses

In response to the changing dynamics, Zagury is advocating for a paradigm shift towards cash-generating businesses. He envisions a structure in which Twenty One Capital moves beyond just holding Bitcoin assets. Instead, the company is determined to build or acquire income-producing ventures that can deliver returns based on Bitcoin valuation.

As part of this transformation, Twenty One Capital is seeking to expand its capital-marketing capabilities, create Bitcoin-backed financial products, and develop a Bitcoin-native lending platform. By investing in cash-generating enterprises, the company aims to provide better risk-adjusted returns relative to Bitcoin and stabilize overall cash flow.

Mining operations serve as a prime example of this vision. Zagury likens the potential of mining cash flows to the insurance model utilized by Berkshire Hathaway. Just as insurance premiums provide funding that can be redistributed for further investment, mining operations could yield profits that might be reinvested across an entire portfolio of Bitcoin-based businesses.

Leadership transitions and strategic plans

The strategic pivot towards income generation comes at a time of leadership change at Twenty One Capital. Zagury stepped into the CEO role on July 20, after the resignation of Jack Mallers, who had led the company but now plans to focus his efforts on Strike. The announcement emphasized that Mallers' departure was amicable and unrelated to any disagreement within the firm.

Alongside the leadership update, Twenty One has a renewed focus on acquiring businesses that are measured by their ability to bolster returns on Bitcoin. This new approach highlights strong ambitions to create a diversified operational model that can withstand market volatility and potentially offer shareholders a more substantial return.

Future outlook for Twenty One Capital

Despite the ambitious plans laid out by Zagury, the overall success of the new operational focus remains in question. Current financial reports from Twenty One reveal that as of March 31, the company held 43,514 BTC yet reported no significant operating revenues and a loss of $10.57 million from operations.

Zagury has not announced any imminent sale of BTC for cash-generating investments. Instead, his hypothetical examples of reallocating part of the treasury assets aim to illustrate the potential of diversifying into operational ventures. This is emblematic of the critical juncture at which many Bitcoin treasury firms currently find themselves: needing to evolve to survive.

The interest in the potential partnership with Elektron Energy underscores the strategic maneuvers being explored. However, Zagury acknowledges that without definitive agreements, the realization of these plans could take time.

Investors and stakeholders will be watching closely to see if Twenty One Capital can successfully implement its revised strategy. As Bitcoin continues to trade at approximately -0.77% over the last 24 hours and maintains its position as the leading cryptocurrency by market capitalization, the coming months could prove crucial.

Looking ahead: A new era for Bitcoin investment

The landscape of Bitcoin investment is undoubtedly shifting, with companies like Twenty One Capital taking an innovative approach to navigate the market. By transitioning towards income-generating businesses, the firm aims to provide added value while mitigating risks associated with the direct volatility of Bitcoin prices.

This evolution represents a turning point not just for Twenty One Capital but potentially for the broader ecosystem of Bitcoin treasury firms. As companies assess their strategies in light of recent market paradigms, the focus may increasingly shift toward sustainable, cash-generating models—an indication of maturation in digital asset management.

FAQ

What is the Bitcoin treasury model?

The Bitcoin treasury model involves companies holding significant amounts of Bitcoin as a reserve to leverage for future capital appreciation or investments.

Why is the Bitcoin treasury playbook considered to be dying?

The cryptocurrency market fluctuations have resulted in decreased confidence in treasury models, leading many firms to seek alternative strategies for robust returns.

What is Twenty One Capital's new strategy under Raphael Zagury?

Zagury plans to build or acquire cash-generating businesses, expanding the company's operational capabilities while mitigating reliance on Bitcoin price appreciation alone.